切换至 "中华医学电子期刊资源库"

中华老年骨科与康复电子杂志 ›› 2020, Vol. 06 ›› Issue (04) : 223 -229. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2096-0263.2020.04.007

所属专题: 文献

骨肿瘤

分离手术治疗老年脊柱骨转移瘤的临床研究
郑凯1, 于秀淳1,(), 徐明1, 崔浩诚1   
  1. 1. 250031 济南,中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九六〇医院骨科
  • 收稿日期:2019-07-01 出版日期:2020-08-05
  • 通信作者: 于秀淳
  • 基金资助:
    院长基金专项课题(2016ZX004)

Clinical effects of separation surgery for metastatic epidural spinal cord compression in patients aged 60 years and older

Kai Zheng1, Xiuchun Yu1,(), Ming Xu1, Haocheng Cui1   

  1. 1. Department of Orthopaedics, the 960 Hospital of people's liberation army, Jinan 250031, China
  • Received:2019-07-01 Published:2020-08-05
  • Corresponding author: Xiuchun Yu
引用本文:

郑凯, 于秀淳, 徐明, 崔浩诚. 分离手术治疗老年脊柱骨转移瘤的临床研究[J]. 中华老年骨科与康复电子杂志, 2020, 06(04): 223-229.

Kai Zheng, Xiuchun Yu, Ming Xu, Haocheng Cui. Clinical effects of separation surgery for metastatic epidural spinal cord compression in patients aged 60 years and older[J]. Chinese Journal of Geriatric Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation(Electronic Edition), 2020, 06(04): 223-229.

目的

总结分离手术治疗老年脊柱骨转移瘤的临床特征。

方法

回顾性分析解放军第九六〇医院2014年1月至2018年12月间所有接受分离手术的老年脊柱骨转移瘤患者的临床资料,按性别、年龄、肿瘤类型、累及部位、脊柱稳定性评分(SINS)、硬膜外脊髓压迫分级(ESCC分级)、神经功能评价(Frankel分级)、肿瘤处理方式、内固定方式、手术时间、出血量、术前合并内科疾病、围手术期并发症分别进行统计,分析其临床特征。

结果

33例老年脊柱骨转移瘤患者纳入本研究,其中男14例(42.4%),女19例(57.6%),男女比例为0.74∶1。发病年龄为60~75岁,平均年龄65.2岁,Frankel神经功能分级包括:A级2例,B级1例,C级2例,D级19例,E级9例。SINS平均得分为11.6分,最低分8分,最高分16分。ESCC分级,1b2例,1c2例,2级13例,3级16例。术前合并内科疾病患者17例,无内科疾病患者16例,7例患者在椎体肿瘤刮除后行直视下骨水泥填塞,另外26例患者均单纯行肿瘤刮除。所有患者均行椎弓根螺钉固定,平均使用螺钉数为7.2(4~9)个。中位出血量600(150~2500)ml。中位手术时间168(94~277)min。3例患者出现了围手术期并发症。29例(87.9%)患者获得术后症状改善。

结论

存在硬膜外压迫的老年脊柱骨转移瘤患者,在做好围手术期准备后,采用分离手术能够在控制创伤的同时获得良好的症状改善。

Objective

To explore the clinical characteristics of metastatic epidural spinal cord compression in patients aged 60 years and older accepted separation surgery.

Methods

We identified old patients with spinal metastases who underwent separation surgery from January 2014 to December 2018 in the 960 hospital. The data included gender, age, pathology, involvement, stability of the spine, epidural spinal cord compression, neurological function evaluation, tumor treatment, internal fixation, operative time, bleeding volume, chronic illness, and postoperative complications Statistics analyze were performed separately.

Results

Thirty-three patients met inclusion criteria (19 women/14 men; mean age 65.2 years, range 60-75). The Frankel neurological function classification included 2 cases of grade A, 1 case of grade B, 2 cases of grade C, 19 cases of grade D, and 9 cases of grade E. The average SINS was 11.6 points, range 8-16 points. ESCC classification included 2 cases with stage 1b, 2 cases with 1c, 13 cases with 2, and 16 cases with 3. There were 17 patients with chronic illness and other 16 patients without. All patients underwent pedicle screw fixation, and the average number of screws used was 7.2 (range 4-9). Only seven patients underwent bone cementation after tumor curettage under direct vision. The median amount of bleeding was 600 ml (range 150-2, 500 ml). The median operation time was 168 min (range 94-277 min). Perioperative complications occurred in 3 patients after surgery. 29 patients had symptomatic improvement after surgery, and the improvement rate was 87.9%.

Conclusion

With careful patient selection, separation surgery may achieve good symptom improvement under controllable trauma.

图6~11 女性,64岁,宫颈癌术后患者,因腰1椎体骨转移瘤接受分离手术;图6 术前CT提示腰1椎体混合型骨质破坏,椎体高度无明显丢失,后壁结构相对完整;图7 矢状位MRI提示腰1椎体信号异常,相应节段硬膜前后受压明显;图8 横断面MRI示硬膜前后方均可见明显压迫,ESCC分级3级;图9 术中行硬膜外环形减压,肿瘤组织包绕并侵蚀硬膜;图10 术后X线片见胸腰段脊柱生理曲度恢复,内固定在位良好
表1 33例脊柱转移瘤不同病椎部位组间统计分析
项目 交界区 活动区 半固定区 合计 统计值 P
例数[例(%)] 15 (45.5) 10 (30.3) 8 (24.2) 33 (100)
年龄(岁,±s 67.1±5.7 62.8±3.6 64.6± 5.0 65.2±5.1 F=2.304 0.117
性别[例(%)]         χ2=1.852 0.396
  5 (33.3) 4 (40.0) 5 (62.5) 14(42.4)    
  10 (66.7) 6 (60.0) 3 (37.5) 19 (57.6)    
SINS评分(分,±s 12.0±2.3 12.0±1.6 10.5±1.1 11.6±1.9 F=1.967 0.158
ESCC分级[例(%)]         χ2=1.992 0.737
  1 2 (13.3) 2 (20.0) 0 (0) 4 (12.1)    
  2 6 (40.0) 4 (40.0) 3 (37.5) 13 (39.4)    
  3 7 (46.7) 4 (40.0) 5 (62.5) 16 (48.5)    
神经功能评价[例(%)]         χ2=9.913 0.042
  完全丧失 0 (0) 0 (0) 2 (25.0) 2 (6.1)    
  部分丧失 12 (80.0) 5 (50.0) 5 (62.5) 22 (66.7)    
  正常 3 (20.0) 5 (50.0) 1 (12.5) 9 (27.3)    
椎体压缩改变[例(%)]         χ2=1.802 0.772
  压缩≥50% 3 (20.0) 4 (40.0) 3 (37.5) 10 (30.3)    
  压缩<50% 9 (60.0) 4 (40.0) 3 (37.5) 16 (48.5)    
  正常 3 (20.0) 2 (20.0) 2 (25.0) 7 (21.2)    
肿瘤处理方式[例(%)]         χ2=0.149 0.928
  单纯刮除 11 (73.3) 8 (80.0) 6 (75.0) 25 (75.8)    
  刮除骨水泥填充 4 (26.7) 2 (20.0) 2 (25.0) 8 (48.5)    
螺钉数量(个,±s 7.2 ±1.6 7.5±1.2 6.5±2.1 7.2±1.6 F=0.877 0.426
出血量(ml,±s 793.3±636.4 715.0±544.7 550.0±207.1 710.6±528.8 F=0.537 0.590
手术时间(min,±s 162.5±29.4 177.2±57.1 149.9±27.6 163.9±39.6 F=1.082 0.352
术后症状变化[例(%)]         χ2=2.646 0.266
  改善 13 (86.7) 10 (100.0) 6 (75.0) 29 (87.9)    
  无变化 2 (13.3) 0 (0) 2 (25.0) 4 (12.1)    
围手术期并发症[例(%)]         χ2=3.960 0.138
  无并发症 12 (80.0) 10 (100.0) 8 (100.0) 30 (90.9)    
  发生并发症 3 (20.0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 3 (9.1)    
术前内科疾病[例(%)]         χ2=0.036 0.982
  存在 8 (53.3) 5 (50.0) 4 (50.0) 17 (51.5)    
  7 (46.7) 5 (50.0) 4 (50.0) 16 (48.5)    
图11 手术时间与出血量关系散点图,可见多数患者手术时间在200 min以内,出血量在1 000 ml以内
1
Hage WD, Aboulafia AJ, Aboulafia DM. Incidence, location, and diagnostic evaluation of metastatic bone disease [J]. Orthop Clin North Am, 2000, 31(4): 515-528, vii.
2
Cheung FH. The practicing orthopedic surgeon's guide to managing long bone metastases [J]. Orthop Clin North Am, 2014, 45(1): 109.
3
Weber KL, Randall RL, Grossman S, et al. Management of lower-extremity bone metastasis [J]. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 2006, 88(Suppl 4): 11-19.
4
Kirkinis MN, Lyne CJ, Wilson MD, et al. Metastatic bone disease: A review of survival, prognostic factors and outcomes following surgical treatment of the appendicular skeleton [J]. Europ J Surg Oncol (EJSO), 2016, 42(12): 1787-1797.
5
郑凯,于秀淳,胡永成, 等. 583例恶性肿瘤骨转移的临床特征分析 [J]. 中华老年骨科与康复电子杂志, 2017, 3(3): 129-135.
6
Garrett LW, Gokaslan ZL, Mccutcheon IE, et al. Anterior approaches to the thoracic spine in patients with cancer: indications and results [J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 1997, 64(6): 1611-1618.
7
Laufer I, Rubin DG, Lis E, et al. The NOMS framework:approach to the treatment of spinal metastatic tumors [J]. Oncologist, 2013, 18(6): 744-751.
8
Sahgal A, Ma LJ, Weinberg V, et al. Reirradiation human spinal cord tolerance for stereotactic body radiotherapy [J]. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 2012, 82(1): 107-116.
9
Berenson J, Pflugmacher R, Jarzem P, et al. Balloon kyphoplasty versus non-surgical fracture management for treatment of painful vertebral body compression fractures in patients with cancer: a multicentre, randomised controlled trial [J]. Lancet Oncol, 2011, 12(3): 225-235.
10
Tomita K, Kawahara N, Kobayashi T, et al. Surgical strategy for spinal metastases [J]. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2001, 26(3): 298-306.
11
Patchell RA, Tibbs PA, Regine WF, et al. Direct decompressive surgical resection in the treatment of spinal cord compression caused by metastatic cancer: a randomised trial [J]. Lancet, 2005, 366(9486): 643-648.
12
Fourney D, Dipaola C, Fisher C. P153. A novel classification system for spinal instability in neoplastic disease: an evidence based approach and expert consensus from the spine oncology study group [J]. Spine, 2009, 9(10): 193S.
13
Bilsky MH, Laufer I, Fourney DR, et al. Reliability analysis of the epidural spinal cord compression scale [J]. J Neurosurg Spine, 2010, 13(3): 324-328.
14
Makino H, Nishio S, Tsubamoto H, et al. Treatment and prognosis of bone metastasis from cervical cancer (KCOG-G1202s) [J]. J Obstetrics Gynaecol Res, 2016, 42(6): 701-706.
15
Mendel E, Bourekas E, Gerszten P, et al. Percutaneous techniques in the treatment of spine tumors:what are the diagnostic and therapeutic indications and outcomes? [J]. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2009, 34(22 Suppl): S93-100.
16
Guarnieri G, Izzo R, Muto M. Current trends in mini-invasive management of spine metastases [J]. Interv Neuroradiol, 2015, 21(2): 263-272.
17
Cloyd JM, Acosta FL, Polley MY, et al. En bloc resection for primary and metastatic tumors of the spine: a systematic review of the literature [J]. Neurosurgery, 2010, 67(2): 435-444.
18
Tokuhashi Y, Matsuzaki H, Oda H, et al. A revised scoring system for preoperative evaluation of metastatic spine tumor prognosis [J]. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2005, 30(19): 2186-2191.
19
Eyal I, Or O, Kaplan L, et al. Are they too old? Surgical treatment for metastatic epidural spinal cord compression in patients aged 65 years and older [J]. Neurol Res, 2014, 36(6): 530-543.
20
Rodriguez M, Dinapoli RP. Spinal cord compression:with special reference to metastatic epidural tumors [J]. Mayo Clin Proc, 1980, 55(7): 442-448.
21
Sørensen S, Børgesen SE, Rohde K, et al. Metastatic epidural spinal cord compression. Rerults of treatment and survival [J]. Cancer, 1990, 65(7): 1502-1508.
[1] 李凤仪, 李若凡, 高旭, 张超凡. 目标导向液体干预对老年胃肠道肿瘤患者术后血流动力学、胃肠功能恢复的影响[J]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(01): 29-32.
[2] 晏晴艳, 雍晓梅, 罗洪, 杜敏. 成都地区老年转移性乳腺癌的预后及生存因素研究[J]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(06): 636-638.
[3] 刘跃刚, 薛振峰. 腹腔镜腹股沟疝日间手术在老年患者中的安全性分析[J]. 中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(06): 711-714.
[4] 代格格, 杨丽, 胡媛媛, 周文婷. 手术室综合干预在老年腹股沟疝患者中的应用效果[J]. 中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(06): 759-763.
[5] 张汪, 徐淑英, 张爱华, 夏芬荣, 汪露. 手术室体温护理结合细节护理干预在老年腹股沟疝围手术期的应用效果[J]. 中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(05): 635-638.
[6] 赵宏霞, 刘静, 李晓薇, 陈金婵, 汪志霞. 腹腔镜下经阴道子宫全切术联合阴道前后壁修补术治疗老年子宫脱垂效果[J]. 中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(05): 561-565.
[7] 孙伟, 林丽, 师高洋. 超声引导下连续髂腹股沟-髂腹下神经阻滞与腹横肌平面阻滞在老年腹股沟疝手术中应用效果比较[J]. 中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(05): 593-597.
[8] 李美娜, 宋艳丽, 杨姗姗, 李聚彩, 罗慧利, 吕杰. 三联预康复策略在退行性脊柱侧弯患者围术期的应用效果[J]. 中华老年骨科与康复电子杂志, 2023, 09(06): 356-364.
[9] 金浪, 石洁, 黄正, 贾永伟, 张建坡, 魏礼成, 金昊雷. 3D打印数字技术辅助改良交叉PVP对重度骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折脊柱-骨盆矢状面平衡状态的影响[J]. 中华老年骨科与康复电子杂志, 2023, 09(05): 263-268.
[10] 杨鹏, 刘冲. PFNA治疗老年股骨转子间骨折后隐匿性失血及其危险因素的横断面研究[J]. 中华老年骨科与康复电子杂志, 2023, 09(05): 301-306.
[11] 单秋洁, 孙立柱, 徐宜全, 王之霞, 徐妍, 马浩, 刘田田. 中老年食管癌患者调强放射治疗期间放射性肺损伤风险模型构建及应用[J]. 中华消化病与影像杂志(电子版), 2023, 13(06): 388-393.
[12] 姜里蛟, 张峰, 周玉萍. 多学科诊疗模式救治老年急性非静脉曲张性上消化道大出血患者的临床观察[J]. 中华消化病与影像杂志(电子版), 2023, 13(06): 520-524.
[13] 毛树文, 袁方, 唐昊, 王建民. 针刀调节交感神经对老年胃溃疡患者胃功能和溃疡愈合的影响[J]. 中华消化病与影像杂志(电子版), 2023, 13(05): 326-330.
[14] 郭震天, 张宗明, 赵月, 刘立民, 张翀, 刘卓, 齐晖, 田坤. 机器学习算法预测老年急性胆囊炎术后住院时间探索[J]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(9): 955-961.
[15] 晏美娟, 邵礼晖. 高水平脂蛋白(a)与无“三高”老年人群小动脉硬化型脑小血管病的相关性研究[J]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(05): 458-463.
阅读次数
全文


摘要