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中华老年骨科与康复电子杂志

中华老年骨科与康复电子杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 07 ›› Issue (04) : 245 -251. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2096-0263.2021.04.008

综述

柠檬酸在骨质疏松疾病中作用的研究进展
张书勤1, 张群2,†(), 谢登辉1,†()   
  1. 1. 510000　广州，南方医科大学第三附属医院，骨科医学中心，关节外科与运动医学科；510000　广州，南方医科大学第三附属医院，临床药物研究基地；510000　广州，广东省骨科医院，广东省骨科研究院，骨与关节退行性疾病广东省重点实验室
    2. 510000　广州，南方医科大学第三附属医院，骨科医学中心，关节外科与运动医学科；510000　广州，南方医科大学第三附属医院，临床药物研究基地
  • 收稿日期:2021-06-25 出版日期:2021-08-05
  • 通信作者: 张群, 谢登辉
  • 基金资助:
    南方医科大学第三附属医院2020年青年科研启动基金项目(QN2020018); 广东省医学科学技术研究基金(B2021272); 国家自然科学基金(81772315；81975328)

Progress of citrate mechanism in bone and osteoporosis

Shuqin Zhang1, Qun Zhang2,†(), Denghui Xie1,†()   

  1. 1. Department of Orthopedics Medical Center, Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern MedicalUniversity, Guangzhou 510000, China; Office of Clinical Trial of Drug, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern MedicalUniversity, Guangzhou 510000, China; Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Guangzhou 510000, China
    2. Department of Orthopedics Medical Center, Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern MedicalUniversity, Guangzhou 510000, China; Office of Clinical Trial of Drug, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern MedicalUniversity, Guangzhou 510000, China
  • Received:2021-06-25 Published:2021-08-05
  • Corresponding author: Qun Zhang, Denghui Xie
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张书勤, 张群, 谢登辉. 柠檬酸在骨质疏松疾病中作用的研究进展[J]. 中华老年骨科与康复电子杂志, 2021, 07(04): 245-251.

Shuqin Zhang, Qun Zhang, Denghui Xie. Progress of citrate mechanism in bone and osteoporosis[J]. Chinese Journal of Geriatric Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation(Electronic Edition), 2021, 07(04): 245-251.

柠檬酸盐是骨骼的重要组成部分，人体90%以上的柠檬酸都储存在骨组织，参与骨微结构和力学强度的维持。柠檬酸一直都作为三羧酸循环的重要中间体而被熟知，是一种必需的代谢物，参与多种生物过程，如能量代谢、成骨和血管生成。近年研究发现：柠檬酸在骨组织形成与骨矿化过程中可能发挥重要作用。进一步研究表明，骨质疏松症的严重程度与柠檬酸水平之间存在负相关，骨骼中柠檬酸盐的流失可能会加重骨质疏松症的发展。外源性柠檬酸补充剂以及基于柠檬酸的修复材料可能为防治骨质疏松和促进骨修复提供有效途径。本文综述了当前关于柠檬酸盐与骨质疏松之间关系的认识，阐述骨骼微环境中柠檬酸在骨形成、骨结构与功能发挥中的作用，探索其具体的调节机制，最后对柠檬酸补充剂和基于柠檬酸的骨修复材料的研究进展进行了总结和评价。这不仅进一步明确了骨生物学与骨代谢调控的关键科学问题，而且为新型骨修复材料的开发与应用提供理论依据。

关键词: 柠檬酸, 基于柠檬酸的骨修复材料, 骨质疏松症

Citrate is an important part of bones. More than 90% of the citric acid in the human body is stored in bone tissue, which participates in the maintenance of bone microstructure and mechanical strength. Citric acid has always been known as an important intermediate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. It is an essential metabolite involved in various biological processes, such as energy metabolism, osteogenesis, and angiogenesis. Recent studies have found that citric acid may play an important role in the process of bone tissue formation and bone mineralization. Further studies have shown that there is a negative correlation between the severity of osteoporosis and the level of citric acid, and the loss of citrate in the bones may aggravate the development of osteoporosis. Exogenous citric acid supplements and citric acid-based repair materials may provide effective ways to prevent osteoporosis and promote bone repair. This paper reviews the current understanding of the relationship between citrate and osteoporosis, expounds the role of citric acid in bone formation, bone structure and function in the bone microenvironment, explores its specific regulation mechanism, and finally summarizes and evaluates the research progress of citric acid supplements and citric acid-based bone repair materials. This not only further clarifies the key scientific issues in bone biology and bone metabolism regulation, but also provides a theoretical basis for the development and application of new bone repair materials.

Key words: Citric acid, Citric acid-based bone repair materials, Osteoporosis
图1 柠檬酸体内循环和促成骨的概念示意图：营养摄入、肾脏清除、细胞代谢和骨骼重塑共同构成了体内柠檬酸稳态，重点强调了柠檬酸对间充质干细胞向成骨细胞分化的影响
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