骨软骨缺损（OCD）是骨科的常见疾病之一，由于其复杂的解剖结构和损伤后难以恢复的特点对患者的生活质量造成了严重的影响。现有的治疗方法（如关节镜手术、微骨折术、骨软骨自体移植、骨软骨异体移植和再生治疗）虽有效果但均具有一定的局限性。为了解决这种棘手的临床问题，实现损伤部位骨软骨单元层次上的完全再生，一种双相多孔、生物相容性和可生物降解的新型文石基支架—Agili-C^®逐步进入大家视野。本文从OCD的解剖学特点出发，探讨了Agili-C^®的微结构及修复OCD的机制，回顾了临床前和临床研究，介绍其适应证和手术技术，以期为Agili-C^®治疗膝关节OCD的研究进展提供更多的理论依据和实践指导。此外，本文正视以往临床试验中的问题和不足之处，持续评估其治疗效果的长期性。

Osteochondral defect (OCD) represent a prevalent orthopedic condition that significantly impacts patients' quality of life due to the complex anatomical structure and poor intrinsic healing capacity of the affected tissue. While current treatment modalities (including arthroscopic surgery, microfracture, osteochondral autograft/allograft transplantation, and regenerative therapies) demonstrate varying efficacy, all present inherent limitations. To address this challenging clinical problem and achieve complete regeneration of the osteochondral unit, a novel biphasic, porous, biocompatible and biodegradable aragonite-based scaffold—Agili-C^®—has emerged as a promising solution.This review examines the anatomical characteristics of OCD and elucidates the microstructure of Agili-C^® along with its mechanism for OCD repair. We evaluate preclinical and clinical studies, detail its indications and surgical techniques, aiming to provide both theoretical foundation and practical guidance for Agili-C^® application in knee OCD management. Furthermore, this article critically addresses limitations identified in previous clinical trials and emphasizes the need for ongoing assessment of long-term therapeutic outcomes.