分析10年间河北医科大学第三医院锁骨骨折临床特征的变化趋势。

收集2010年1月1日至2019年12月31日河北医科大学第三医院锁骨骨折住院患者的一般资料及影像学资料进行回顾性分型，按照入院年份划分为前5年组（A组）、后5年组（B组）共2组，比较两组患者的一般资料，总结10年期间锁骨骨折的临床特征的变化趋势。

本研究共纳入锁骨骨折患者2 188例，占全身骨折的2.46%（2 188/88 886），男女比为2.05∶1。高发年龄段为41~50岁，其中男性高发为65~69岁，女性为60~64岁。A组男女比2.23∶1；B组男女比1.96：1，两组性别构成比差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。A组男性41~50岁占比最高，为23.2%（124/534），女性为51~60岁占比最高，为15.8%（38/240）。B组男性41~50岁占比最高，为19.9%（186/936），女性为61~70岁占比最高，为17.8%（85/478）。两组中71~80岁及大于80岁以上年龄段性别构成比有统计学意义（t=5.449，P<0.05），其余各年龄段性别构成比差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。致伤原因中以跌倒和室内活动损伤占比最高（57.9%，1 266/2 188），其次为交通事故（28.2%，617/2 188）。两组致伤原因构成比差异有统计学意义（χ²=194.38，P<0.001）。高发骨折类型为Allman IB和IA型。A组IB型骨折占比最高（56.7%，439/774），其次为ⅡB型（17.1%，132/774）；B组IB型占比最高（59.4%，840/1 414），其次为ⅡA型（15.9%，225/1 414）。两组的骨折分型构成比差异有统计学意义（χ²=87.308，P<0.001）。手术治疗患者共1 798例，A组为628例，B组为1 170例；手术患者住院时间分别为（10.98±6.01）d和（10.48±4.86）d。两组手术治疗患者的住院天数差异有统计学意义（t=1.917，P<0.05）。

10年间锁骨骨折占全身骨折的2.46%，与前5年相比，后五年的锁骨骨折占全身骨折的构成比上升。临床特征的变化趋势为男性多于女性，跌倒和室内活动损伤为最常见致伤原因。Allman I型高发，但ⅡA型骨折比例增高，住院天数有下降趋势。

To analyse the trend of changes in clinical features of clavicle fractures in Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University during past 10 years.

Collect general data and imaging data of inpatients with clavicle fractures in the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2019 for retrospective classification. All patients were divided into the first 5 years group (group A) and the last 5 years group (group B) according to the year of admission. The general data of the two groups of patients were compared and the Epidemiological trends of clavicle fractures during the 10 years were summarized.

A total of 2, 188 patients with clavicle fractures were enrolled in this study, accounting for 2.46% (2, 188/88, 886) of systemic fractures, and the ratio of male to female was 2.05:1.1 The high incidence of clavicle fractures is 41-50 years old, among which males are 65-69 years old and females are 60-64 years old. The ratio of men to women in group A is 2.23:1; group B is 1.96:1. There was no statistically significant difference in gender composition ratio between the two groups. In Group A, male aged 41-50 accounted for the highest proportion, 23.2% (124/534), and female aged 51-60 accounted for the highest proportion, 15.8% (38/240). In group B, men aged 41-50 accounted for the highest proportion, 19.9% (186/936), and women aged 61-70 accounted for the highest proportion, 17.8% (85/478). In the two groups, there was a statistically significant difference in the sex ratio between the ages of 71-80 and older than 80 years (t=5.449, P<0.05), and the difference in the sex ratio of the other age groups was not statistically significant. Falling and indoor activity injuries accounted for the highest proportion of injuries (57.9%, 1, 266/2, 188), followed by traffic accidents (28.2%, 617/2, 188). There was a statistically significant difference in the composition ratio of the causes of injury between the two groups (χ²=194.38, P<0.001). The most frequent fracture types are Allman IB and IA. Group A has the highest proportion of type IB fractures (56.7%, 439/774), followed by type ⅡB (17.1%, 132/774); group B has the highest proportion of type IB fractures (59.4%, 840/1, 414), followed by type ⅡA (15.9%, 225/1, 414). The difference in the composition ratio of fracture types between the two groups was statistically significant (χ²=87.308, P<0.001). There were 1, 798 patients undergoing surgery, 628 patients in group A and 1, 170 patients in group B. The hospital stay of the patients was (10.98±6.01) days and (10.48±4.86) days, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the length of hospital stay between the two groups of surgical patients (t=1.917, P<0.05).

Clavicle fractures accounted for 2.46% of total body fractures in 10 years. Compared with the previous 5 years, the proportion of clavicle fractures in total body fractures increased in the latter five years. The changing trend of clinical characteristics is that men are more than women, falling and indoor activity injuries are the most common causes of injuries. All man type I has a high incidence, but the proportion of type ⅡA fractures has increased, and the number of hospital stays has a downward trend.