Evaluation of the efficacy of musculoskeletal ultrasound-assisted individualized diagnosis and treatment for traumatic frozen shoulder: A Single-Center Retrospective Historical Control Study

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.2096-0263.2026.04.005

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective

To observe the clinical efficacy of musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS)-assisted individualized diagnosis and treatment for traumatic frozen shoulder (TFS).

Methods

A total of 94 patients with TFS who met the inclusion criteria and were admitted to Lu'an People's Hospital between September 2021 and October 2024 were enrolled. Based on the implementation date (May 2023) of the ultrasound-guided interventional therapy system, patients treated in May 2023 or earlier were assigned to the blind peri-shoulder injection group (Control Group A, n=51), while those treated from June 2023 onwards were assigned to the ultrasound-guided individualized treatment group (Observation Group B, n=43). The control group received traditional blind peri-articular injections combined with a 4-week rehabilitation exercise prescription. The observation group received US-guided peri-articular injections, combined with an individualized rehabilitation exercise prescription of the same intensity and duration. Outcome measures, including the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score, Constant-Murley Shoulder Score (CMS), and range of motion (ROM) in various directions (including forward flexion, abduction, external rotation, and internal rotation), were assessed before the initial treatment, and at 4 and 8 weeks post-treatment to evaluate pain and shoulder functional recovery.

Results

Both groups showed significant improvements in VAS scores, CMS scores, and joint ROM at 4 and 8 weeks post-treatment compared to pre-treatment levels (all P<0.001). Intergroup comparisons at each post-treatment time point revealed that the observation group demonstrated superior improvement in all the aforementioned outcome measures compared to the control group (all P<0.05). Furthermore, the incidence of postoperative complications was lower in the observation group than in the control group (4.65% vs 21.57%, P<0.05).

Conclusions

MSUS-assisted individualized diagnosis and treatment for TFS demonstrates significant efficacy, effectively alleviating pain, improving mobility and shoulder function, and exhibiting a high safety profile. It is worthy of widespread clinical application and promotion.

Key words: Traumatic frozen shoulder, Musculoskeletal ultrasound, Individualized diagnosis and therapy, Ultrasound-guided injection

Lijuan Yu, Wenjie Liu, Mingjun Ding, Xingjun Lu, Zhi Fang, Daoming Wang. Evaluation of the efficacy of musculoskeletal ultrasound-assisted individualized diagnosis and treatment for traumatic frozen shoulder: A Single-Center Retrospective Historical Control Study[J]. Chinese Journal of Geriatric Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation(Electronic Edition), 2026, 12(04): 226-235.

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References 25

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指标	A组（n=51）	B组（n=43）	统计量	P值
年龄（岁，±s）	52.71±8.91	52.23±6.83	t=1.000	0.320
性别（男/女，例）
男[例（%）]	22（43.14）	18（41.86）	χ²=2.100
女[例（%）]	29（56.86）	25（58.14）		0.147
病程（月，±s）	4.73±1.79	4.26± 1.71	t=0.781	0.437
病情分级*
轻度[例（%）]	7（13.7）	8（18.6）
中度[例（%）]	31（60.8）	21（48.8）	χ²=1.923	0.166
重度[例（%）]	13（25.5）	14（32.6）
操作医生
甲医生[例（%）]	27（52.9）	23（53.5）
乙医生[例（%）]	24（47.1）	20（46.5）	χ²=0.320	0.572

指标	A组（n=51）	B组（n=43）	统计量	P值
年龄（岁，±s）	52.71±8.91	52.23±6.83	t=1.000	0.320
性别（男/女，例）
男[例（%）]	22（43.14）	18（41.86）	χ²=2.100
女[例（%）]	29（56.86）	25（58.14）		0.147
病程（月，±s）	4.73±1.79	4.26± 1.71	t=0.781	0.437
病情分级*
轻度[例（%）]	7（13.7）	8（18.6）
中度[例（%）]	31（60.8）	21（48.8）	χ²=1.923	0.166
重度[例（%）]	13（25.5）	14（32.6）
操作医生
甲医生[例（%）]	27（52.9）	23（53.5）
乙医生[例（%）]	24（47.1）	20（46.5）	χ²=0.320	0.572

组别	例数	0W		4W		8W
组别	例数	前屈	外展	前屈	外展	前屈	外展
A组	51	107.88±23.45	105.35±3.09	134.39±12.46^a	132.08±11.13^a	138.35±11.26^a	140.18±12.73^a
B组	43	100.37±21.76	100.58±2.97	147.74±12.69^ab	147.30±12.76^ab	152.77±12.43^ab	156.70±12.00^ab
t值		1.599	1.102	-5.132	-6.178	-5.895	-6.435
P值		0.057	0.137	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001

组别	例数	0W		4W		8W
组别	例数	前屈	外展	前屈	外展	前屈	外展
A组	51	107.88±23.45	105.35±3.09	134.39±12.46^a	132.08±11.13^a	138.35±11.26^a	140.18±12.73^a
B组	43	100.37±21.76	100.58±2.97	147.74±12.69^ab	147.30±12.76^ab	152.77±12.43^ab	156.70±12.00^ab
t值		1.599	1.102	-5.132	-6.178	-5.895	-6.435
P值		0.057	0.137	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001

组别	例数	0W		4W		8W
组别	例数	外旋	内旋	外旋	内旋	外旋	内旋
A组	51	9.86±5.51	18（17，19）	25.18±8.53^a	13（11，15）^a	42.20±9.16^a	11（9，12）^a
B组	43	11（7，15）	18（16，19）	31.51±10.95^ab	11（9，12）^ab	62.95±11.91^ab	9（8，10）^ab
z/t值		-0.872	-0.294	-3.151	1.960	-9.547	-2.942
P值		0.383	0.769	<0.001	<0.01	<0.001	0.003

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