This study aimed to analyze the independent factors influencing walking ability in elderly patients after hip fracture surgery.

The study population included 190 elderly patients with hip fractures admitted to Guangdong People's Hospital, and a retrospective analysis was conducted. Clinical data, including age, gender, medical history, and preoperative conditions, were collected. One year after surgery, patient’s walking ability was assessed through telephone follow-up interviews and standardized questionnaires. Univariate and logistic multivariate regression analyses were utilized to study the results.

Among the 190 patients, 52 experienced physical functional impairment, with an incidence rate of 27.4%. The serum vitamin D level, hemoglobin level, blood calcium level, serum albumin level, and preoperative walking ability score were significantly lower in the physical functional impairment group compared to the independent walking group. Factors such as age, serum β-CTX level, blood BUN level, inflammatory indices, and disease burden index showed significant differences between the two groups. The multivariate regression analysis revealed that preoperative serum vitamin D level, age, blood BUN level, and disease burden index were independent factors influencing walking ability in elderly patients with hip fractures after surgery.

This study revealed the important influence of preoperative serum vitamin D level, age, blood BUN level, and Charlson comorbidity index on postoperative walking ability in elderly patients with hip fractures. These findings provide reliable evidence for clinical decision-making and interventions, but further research is still necessary to identify additional influencing factors and establish more accurate predictive models.