The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence and influencing factors of urinary retention in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery whose catheters were removed early after the operation.

A total of 300 patients undergoing orthopedic surgery in our hospital from March 2020 to May 2020 were selected and divided into observation group and control group according to whether they could urinate by themselves after the urinary catheters were removed in the early postoperative period. The general information, operation and nursing related information of the two groups were compared and analyzed.

The incidence of urinary retention in patients with early removal of the urinary catheter after operation was 15.7%. There were statistically significant differences in surgical site (χ²=27.171, P<0.01), and postoperative analgesia (χ²=4.364, P=0.037) between the two groups (P<0.05), while there were no significant differences in gender (χ²=3.288, P=0.07), age (χ²=0.400, P=0.527), body mass index (χ²=4.949, P=0.176), number of complications (χ²=2.559, P=0.278), anesthesia mode (χ²=3.041, P=0.081), anesthesia duration (χ²=2.108, P=0.147), bladder filling status (χ²=1.573, P=0.210), mental state (χ²=0.008, P=0.927), subjective will (χ²=0.443, P=0.505), and smooth condition of water sac (χ²=1.396, P=0.237). Logistic regression analysis showed that surgical site was an independent risk factor for urinary retention.

The surgical site (OR=7.445, 95% CI: 3.192, 17.366) was an independent risk factor for urinary retention in patients with orthopedic surgery after early removal of the urinary catheter, and the incidence of urinary retention was the highest in patients with spine surgery.