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Chinese Journal of Geriatric Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation(Electronic Edition) ›› 2025, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (05): 271-279. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2096-0263.2025.05.002

• Arthritis • Previous Articles    

Cross-sectional study on serum total testosterone levels and the risk of osteoarthritis in Middle-aged and Elderly Women

Jiangtao Liao1, Zhenyu Song2, Hao Xu1, Yi Li1, Dongdong Xu1, Wei Yu1, Zhipeng Dai3, Hongtao Tian1, Wei Tong1,()   

  1. 1Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
    2The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541000, China
    3Department of Orthopedics, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
  • Received:2025-06-25 Online:2025-10-05 Published:2025-10-17
  • Contact: Wei Tong

Abstract:

Objective

The relationship between serum total testosterone levels and osteoarthritis (OA) remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum total testosterone levels and the risk of OA in middle-aged and older women.

Methods

A cross-sectional study design was employed, including data from 1,627 women aged 50 and older from the 2013-2016 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in the United States. The exposure variable was serum total testosterone levels, and the outcome variable was OA.

Results

The multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between higher serum testosterone levels and a reduced risk of OA in women over 50 in the United States. Specifically, for every 20-unit increase in serum testosterone levels, the risk of OA decreased by 27.2% [OR=0.728; 95% CI: 0.566, 0.936; P=0.0169]. The smooth curve fitting demonstrated a linear relationship between the two variables. Interaction tests showed that factors such as age, BMI, hypertension, diabetes, waist circumference, serum total cholesterol levels, estradiol levels, and SHBG levels did not significantly influence the relationship between serum testosterone levels and OA.

Conclusions

In women aged 50 and older in the United States, higher serum testosterone levels are associated with a lower risk of OA. This study provides new insights and evidence into the relationship between serum testosterone levels and OA.

Key words: Osteoarthritis, Testosterone, Middle-aged and older women, Cross-sectional study

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