Abstract:

Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) is an essential enzyme in glutathione metabolism, which is mainly produced by the liver, excreted through the biliary tract and widely distributed in many tissues and organs throughout the body. For many years, GGT has been used as diagnosis and treatment evaluation in extensive diseases. Studies have shown that GGT is a key factor in regulating the oxidation-reduction balance of cells and their surrounding environment. The large amount of oxygen free radicals generated in the GSH decomposition reaction catalyzed by GGT increased the content of endogenous reactive oxygen species, thus participated in the process of oxidative stress and inflammation. In recent years, research about GGT has gradually expanded to bone destruction related diseases, including osteoporosis, bone malnutrition, osteoarthritis and other aspects. Also included cardiovascular, respiratory, metabolic, tumor, immune and other diseases, which is considered as an important reference for risk assessment, disease activity judgment and prognosis evaluation. The role of GGT in the body is more complex than our current cognition, and the pathways involved in different diseases may not be limited to oxidative stress or metabolic abnormalities, which still need more in-depth research. GGT is easy detect clinically and can be used as a reference for evaluation and prognosis of specific diseases. GGT inhibitors significantly reduced the number of osteoclasts in vitro and the degree of bone erosion in arthritic mice. These results suggest that GGT inhibitors or antagonists may be a novel therapeutic agent for alleviating PsA joint symptoms. This paper reviews the characteristics of GGT and its significance in the occurrence and development of various diseases, providing reference for clinical practice.

Key words: Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, Bone destruction, Oxidative stress, Lipid peroxidation