The proximal fibula resection is used for bony reconstruction of extremities. The fibula is an integral part of the knee and ankle joints and serves as an attachment for lower extremity ligaments, interosseous membrane and muscles. The proximal fibula resection may cause knee instability, peroneal nerve injury, ankle instability, osteoporosis of the distal fibular remnant, regeneration of the resected fibular shaft and muscle weakness. Precise surgical techniques in proximal fibula resection and reconstruction of soft tissue attachments of the fibular head are critical to avoid those complications. This article aims to provide a solid understanding of the safety of proximal fibula resection by assessing articles about harvest or resection of the proximal fibula.