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中华老年骨科与康复电子杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 08 ›› Issue (05) : 269 -275. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2096-0263.2022.05.004

康复医学

角度波动式康复训练对肘关节活动受限的术后康复作用
刘江1, 杜俊炜1, 徐征宇1, 姜姚1, 毕郑刚1, 孙佳冰1, 耿硕1,()   
  1. 1. 150001 哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院骨科
  • 收稿日期:2022-04-15 出版日期:2022-10-05
  • 通信作者: 耿硕
  • 基金资助:
    黑龙江省柳叶刀科研专项资助基金项目(2020061)

Application of Angle fluctuating rehabilitation training in postoperative rehabilitation of elbow joint limited by medial collateral ligament injury

Jiang Liu1, Junwei Du1, Zhengyu Xu1, Yao Jiang1, Zhenggang Bi1, Jiabing Sun1, Shuo Geng1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin150001, China
  • Received:2022-04-15 Published:2022-10-05
  • Corresponding author: Shuo Geng
引用本文:

刘江, 杜俊炜, 徐征宇, 姜姚, 毕郑刚, 孙佳冰, 耿硕. 角度波动式康复训练对肘关节活动受限的术后康复作用[J/OL]. 中华老年骨科与康复电子杂志, 2022, 08(05): 269-275.

Jiang Liu, Junwei Du, Zhengyu Xu, Yao Jiang, Zhenggang Bi, Jiabing Sun, Shuo Geng. Application of Angle fluctuating rehabilitation training in postoperative rehabilitation of elbow joint limited by medial collateral ligament injury[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Geriatric Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation(Electronic Edition), 2022, 08(05): 269-275.

目的

采用回顾性队列研究,分析"角度波动式康复训练"在肘关节内侧副韧带损伤导致的陈旧性肘关节活动受限患者康复治疗中的效果。

方法

回顾性收集2014年9月至2021年7月收治的外翻试验不稳定患者104例,平均年龄(50±5)岁。男性46例,女性58例,均为单侧肢体发病,术前Mayo肘关节评分均小于60分。根据其康复方式的不同,分为试验组(n=53)和对照组(n=51),分别采用了"角度波动式康复训练"和"传统康复训练"。比较术前及术后6周、3个月、6个月肘关节功能,肘关节功能评估应用Mayo肘关节功能评分(MEPS)、改良的美国特种外科医院评分(改良HSS)、疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、以及屈曲、伸直、内旋、外旋四个活动角度。

结果

随访时间为10~36个月,平均随访(21.3±7.2)个月,6个月随访率100%。在术后6个月随访时,试验组功能评分明显高于对照组,MEPS试验组为80(80,85)分,对照组70(70,75)分;改良HSS试验组为85(82,88)分,对照组79(75,82)分;VAS试验组为2(1,3)分,对照组3(3,4)分,三组数据均具有统计学意义(χ2=118.907,52.847,60.904,P<0.05);试验组肘关节活动范围:屈曲120(115,130)°,伸直15(10,15)°,明显大于传统康复方式:屈曲100°(95,110)°,伸直:20°(15,20)°,且未出现因康复而造成的副损伤。

结论

角度波动式康复训练结合了肘关节可调节支具和静态拉伸支具(SPS)二者的优点,通过静态、动态训练相结合,非暴力地递进式增长训练角度,可达到满意的主被动活动度。康复过程中疼痛度更低,康复周期更短,提高了中远期随访功能评分优良率。

Objectives

To retrospectively study the effect of the "angular fluctuation rehabilitation training" method in the rehabilitation of patients with old limitation of elbow joint motion due to medial collateral ligament injury.

Methods

We retrospectively collected 104 patients with unstable valgus test admitted from January 2014 to July 2021, with an average age of (50±5) years. There were 46 males and 58 females, all with unilateral limb onset, and all with preoperative Mayo elbow scores less than 60. The patients were divided into the experimental group (n=53) and the control group (n=51) according to the postoperative rehabilitation method, and the rehabilitation was carried out by two methods: "angular fluctuation rehabilitation training" and "traditional rehabilitation training", respectively. The Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS), Modified Hospital for Special Surgery Score (Modified HSS), Visual Analogue Score (VAS) for pain, and four angles of movement: flexion, extension, internal rotation, and external rotation were used to evaluate the efficacy before and at 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after surgery.

Results

The follow-up period ranged from 10 to 36 months, with a mean follow-up of (21.3±7.2) months and a 6-month follow-up rate of 100%. At the 6-month postoperative follow-up, the functional activity scores of patients in the trial group were significantly higher than those in the control group, with 80(80,85) points in the MEPS trial group and 70(70,75) points in the control group; 85(82,88) points in the modified HSS trial group and 79(75,82) points in the control group; 2(1,3) points in the VAS trial group and 3(3,4) points in the control group, and the data of all three groups were The range of motion of the elbow joint in the test group was 120°(115,130)° in flexion and 15°(10,15)° in extension, which was significantly greater than that in the traditional rehabilitation mode: 100°(95,110)° in flexion and 20°(15,20)° in extension, and there was no side injuries due to rehabilitation.

Conclusions

The angle fluctuation rehabilitation training combines the advantages of adjustable brace and static progressive stretch(SPS) brace of the elbow joint. By combining static and dynamic training and non-violently increasing the training angle progressively, satisfactory active and passive mobility can be achieved. The pain level during rehabilitation was within the tolerance range, the rehabilitation period was shortened, and the rate of excellent functional scores in the medium and long term follow-up was significantly increased.

表1 两组肘关节活动受限患者临床资料比较
图1~4 肘关节屈、伸、内旋、外旋角度测量方法
图8 两组患者各时期外旋角度对比
表2 两组肘关节活动受限患者各时期MEPS评分比较
表3 两组肘关节活动受限患者各时期改良的HSS评分比较
图9~20 男性,58岁。劳动时用力外翻导致左肘关节内侧副韧带损伤,于当地医院石膏固定1月后出现肘关节活动受限,屈曲60°,伸直30°,并伴有尺神经卡压症状。经过严格角度波动式康复训练,达到良好的肘关节活动度,屈曲130°,伸直20°,尺神经症状减轻,生活质量显著提高。图9~12术前活动度:屈曲,伸直,内旋,外旋 图13术中麻醉下测试肘关节屈伸活动度可复 图14~16术后分别固定于相应角度 图17~20术后6个月活动度:屈曲,伸直,内旋,外旋
表4 两组肘关节活动受限患者各时期VAS评分比较
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